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Infectious diseases

Find an infectious disease

Avian influenza

Avian influenza is generally only found in people who have had a lot of close contact with infected birds or other infected animals.

Campylobacter

Campylobacter is a water and foodborne illness caused by bacteria. It is a common cause of tummy upsets (gastroenteritis). If you eat food or water that has campylobacter in it you can become unwell with diarrhoea and stomach pains.

Chickenpox

A highly contagious disease most common in tamariki that causes small itchy blisters on the skin.

Chikungunya

A disease caused by the bite of chikungunya-infected mosquitoes. These mosquitoes are not found in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Cholera

Cholera is a disease that causes severe runny poohs (diarrhoea) and dehydration. It can be easily treated.

COVID-19

Cryptosporidium

A parasite found in the gut of infected people and animals. People become infected when they swallow the parasites.

Dengue

An infection spread by mosquitoes. It is not usually serious and gets better on its own, but it can be severe in some people.

Diphtheria

A serious infectious disease that can cause throat infections that can lead to breathing difficulties. Diphtheria is rare in Aotearoa.

Ebola

A viral disease that can cause bleeding, organ failure, and death. There is currently no ebola in Aotearoa New Zealand. The main risk of getting it is from travel to countries with an outbreak or after one.

E. coli

Most types of E. coli are harmless. But some can cause diarrhoea (gastroenteritis).

Enterovirus D68

Enterovirus D68 is a virus that can cause mild to severe flu-like (respiratory) illness.

Flu (influenza)

Flu spreads quickly and causes fever, runny nose, cough or upset stomach. Different strains can make you sick each year.

Giardia

A parasite (living thing) found in the guts of people and animals such as cattle, sheep, cats and dogs. It is also found in infected water such as lakes and streams.

Glandular fever

Glandular fever, also known as infectious mononucleosis, is a viral infection. It mainly affects people between the ages of 15 and 24 years.

Haemophilus influenzae disease type b (Hib)

A bacteria that causes serious illness in tamariki. It can cause swelling of the brain or throat.

Hand, foot and mouth disease

A common viral infection. It causes mouth ulcers, and spots on the hands and feet. It mostly affects tamariki under 10.

Hepatitis A

An infectious liver disease caused by a virus. It is more common in developing countries. Some travellers need a vaccine.

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B is caused by a virus that attacks and damages the liver. Find out about symptoms, causes, spread and treatment.

Hepatitis C

A virus that causes inflammation of your liver. If left untreated, Hepatitis C can cause liver disease (cirrhosis), liver failure and liver cancer.

Hepatitis E

Hepatitis E is a virus that causes inflammation of the liver. It is found in many countries, such as India, Asia, Africa and Central America, but is very rare in Aotearoa New Zealand. Some people have no symptoms or only a very mild illness. It can be very serious if you are pregnant.

HIV and AIDS

HIV is a virus that damages the cells in your immune system and weakens its ability to fight everyday infections and diseases.

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Common viruses passed on by skin contact. People usually have no symptoms. Some types of HPV cause genital warts, cell changes or cancer.

iGAS

iGAS infections are very serious infections. They are caused when the Group A Streptococcus (GAS) bacteria infects an area of the body which normally does not have any bacteria growing in it, causing you to become very sick. This can include areas of the body such as in the blood, skin, bones, joints, birth canal after having a baby, and other internal organs.

Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection caused by contact with the urine (wee) of infected animals, or contaminated soil or water.

Listeriosis

A food-borne bacteria that can make you sick. Usually causes few or no symptoms. But some people are more at risk of severe disease.

Malaria

There are 5 types of malaria that can infect people. Malaria is a virus caused by the bite of an Anopheles mosquito carrying the virus. These mosquitoes are not found in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Measles disease

Meningococcal disease

A bacterial infection that can cause meningitis or blood poisoning leading to permanent disability, deafness or death. Early treatment is very important.

Mpox (monkeypox)

A virus that causes a rash or sores. It spreads from close contact. People with mpox may have to isolate.

Mumps

A disease that spreads easily and can cause swelling in the glands around the face. For some people it can be serious and cause symptoms that last a long time.

Pneumococcal disease

Infections caused by bacteria that range from mild ear and sinus infections to serious lung and blood infections.

Polio

A viral disease that spreads very easily and can cause muscle weakness or paralysis. Cases are increasing globally and could come here.

Preventing the spread of respiratory illnesses

Find out what to do if you have symptoms of a respiratory illness and how to reduce the risk of spreading it to other people.

Psittacosis

Psittacosis is an uncommon disease that is usually passed to people from birds. It is caused by a bacterium called Chlamydia psittaci. It is usually a mild illness and it can be treated with antibiotics.

Rheumatic fever

Rheumatic fever is a serious but potentially preventable illness that often starts with a strep throat infection. Without treatment, this type of infection can cause rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever can damage a person's heart valves — this is called rheumatic heart disease.

Rotavirus

A viral infection that causes runny poos, vomiting and fever. It most often affects pēpi and tamariki and can be serious.

Rubella

A contagious viral infection that causes a spotty rash. Rubella is usually mild — but can cause problems if you are pregnant.

RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)

RSV is a common respiratory illness that causes lung and respiratory tract infections. Symptoms are similar to a cold and tend to get better on their own after 10 days. In some cases RSV can cause more serious complications.

Shingles

A painful blistering rash. Anyone who had chickenpox is at risk of developing it. The best protection against shingles is immunisation.

Slapped cheek

Slapped cheek is a viral infection caused by the parvovirus. It causes bright red cheeks and is most common in tamariki (children). Some adults can get slapped cheek.

Tetanus

A rare but serious disease that is fatal if it is not treated. It is caused by a bacteria toxin getting into a wound.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by infection with the 'Mycobacterium Tuberculosis'. It usually affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body. While it can make some people very sick, it is also treatable and can be cured with special antibiotics.

Whooping cough

A long coughing illness that spreads easily between people. It can be very serious for pēpi, tamariki and older adults.

Yellow fever

Yellow fever is caused by a virus and mainly spread by the bite of an infected 'Aedes' mosquito. These mosquitoes are not normally found in Aotearoa New Zealand. Yellow fever is almost always caught overseas. Outbreaks are most common in Africa and Latin America. Immunisation is required for people travelling to areas where the virus is common, such as parts of tropical South America and sub-Saharan Africa.

Zika virus

Zika is a virus mainly spread by mosquito bites. The mosquitoes that spread Zika virus are not normally found in Aotearoa New Zealand.
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